Yonuvchi slanets pirolizi bug‘larini aromatizatsiyalash jarayonida HZSM-5 ning dezaktivatsiyasi va regeneratsiyasi: koks tabiatidan katalizatorning integral samaradorligigacha
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.66960/jof.3093-8899.00042Kalit so‘zlar:
HZSM-5, deaktivatsiya, koks, regeneratsiya, piroliz bug‘lari, monoaromatik uglevodorodlar, TPO, integral unumdorlikAbstrakt
HZSM-5 katalizatorining deaktivatsiyasi va regeneratsiyasi mexanizmlariga bag‘ishlangan tanqidiy sharh taqdim etilgan bo‘lib, u yonuvchi slanets pirolizi bug‘larini ikki bosqichli aromatizatsiya qilish jarayoniga nisbatan ko‘rib chiqilgan. Katalizatorni faqat bitta yangi sikl asosida baholash boshlang‘ich kislotaligi yuqori bo‘lgan materiallarning texnologik qiymatini tizimli ravishda ortiqcha baholashga olib kelishi ko‘rsatilgan, ayniqsa bu yuqori boshlang‘ich kislotalik mikrog‘ovaklarning tez bloklanishi va poliaromatik koks hosil bo‘lishining ortishi bilan kechsa.
Katalizator holatining ko‘p darajali modeli taklif etilgan bo‘lib, unda koks miqdori, uning lokalizatsiyasi, kondensatsiya darajasi, mikrog‘ovak hajmining kamayishi, mavjud Brønsted/Lewis kislota markazlarining o‘zgarishi hamda oksidlovchi regeneratsiyadan keyingi strukturaning tiklanishi yagona tizimga birlashtirilgan. Davriy piroliz uchun berilayotgan bug‘lar tarkibining vaqt bo‘yicha o‘zgaruvchanligini hisobga olish prinsipi moslashtirilgan: katalizator faolligini taqqoslash bug‘larning ekvivalent to‘plangan yuklamasi sharoitida yoki yangi katalizatorning parallel nazorat namunasi bilan amalga oshirilishi kerak.
Asosiy ko‘rsatkich sifatida reaksiya–regeneratsiya sikllari seriyasi davomida Σm(MAU)/mkat,0 integral unumdorligini qo‘llash taklif etiladi. Ushbu ko‘rsatkich faollikni tiklash koeffitsiyenti va hosil bo‘ladigan koksning solishtirma miqdori bilan to‘ldiriladi. Slanetslar, piroliz moylari va boshqa murakkab uglevodorod oqimlari bo‘yicha adabiyotlar asosida kamida beshta sikldan iborat tadqiqot dasturi shakllantirildi. Ushbu dastur yangi, ishlatilgan va regeneratsiya qilingan HZSM-5 namunalarini XRD, N₂-adsorbsiya, NH₃-TPD/piridin-FTIR hamda TGA/TPO usullari yordamida tavsiflashni nazarda tutadi; uglerodli cho‘kindilarning tartiblanganlik darajasini mustaqil baholash uchun Raman spektroskopiyasidan foydalanish taklif etiladi.
Mazkur sharhning ilmiy hissasi «katalizator faolligi»ning statik tushunchasidan o‘lchanadigan katalizator holati xaritasi va to‘plangan unumdorlik konsepsiyasiga o‘tish, shuningdek regeneratsiyaning ishchi oynasini shakllantirishdan iborat. Ushbu oyna bir tomondan koksning to‘liq chiqarilmasligi, ikkinchi tomondan esa qaytmas dealyuminiylanish va kislotalikning yo‘qolishi bilan chegaralanadi.
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